Nginx Tutorial

What is Nginx? Nginx (pronounced engine-x) is a high-performance web server, reverse proxy and load balancer. It handles thousands of concurrent connections on modest hardware ...

Install on Ubuntu / Debian Managing the Service Installing the Latest (nginx.org) The Default Layout Firewall Key Points Always run nginx -t before reloading configuration. Use ...

The Master File /etc/nginx/nginx.conf opens with a top-level install (user, worker_processes), then contexts: Contexts Are Nested Boxes Inner contexts inherit and override outer ...

Serving Two Sites on One Server Create a config per site in sites-available, then symlink it: How Location Matching Works Order of evaluation: exact =, then longest prefix, then ...

Basic Static Site Nginx serves index.html; URLs map directly to files under root. Try files (with fallback) using try_files: The SPA pattern - React/Vue/Angular - needs the ...

The Pattern Nginx listens on 80/443 and forwards to your app (Tomcat on 8080, Node on 3000, PHP-FPM on a socket): Why the Headers Matter Host - the app sees the real domain, not ...

Multiple Backends An upstream group balances traffic across identical app instances: Balancing Methods Round-robin (default) - every backend gets a fair turn. least_conn - send to ...

Get a Certificate with Certbot Certbot detects your server block, obtains a certificate from Let's Encrypt, configures HTTPS, and sets up auto-renewal. Test renewal: Manual TLS ...

Proxy Caching - Fewer Hits to the App Let Nginx serve cached copies of expensive responses: Check the X-Cache-Status header: HIT, MISS, STALE. Set cache keys with proxy_cache_key ...

Hide What You Are Running Security Headers Rate Limiting Basic brute-force protection for login routes; raise or lower the rate to fit your users. Block Dangerous Requests Bad ...

Workers and Connections Rough ceiling: worker_processes x worker_connections simultaneous connections. Keepalive to Backends Reuse backend connections instead of opening a new one ...