Difference Between Struts1.x and Struts 2.x
| Action Classes | Struts 1 requires Action classes to extend an abstract base class. A common problem in Struts 1 is programming to abstract classes instead of interfaces. | An Struts 2 Action may?implement an?Action?interface, along with other interfaces to enable optional and custom services. Struts 2 provides a base ActionSupport class to implement commonly used interfaces. Albeit, the Action interface is?not?required. Any POJO object with a?execute?signature can be used as an Struts 2 Action object. |
| Binding Values into views | To access different objects , struts 1 uses the standard jsp implict objects | It use valuestack to hold the values and to reterive the value from value stack it use OGNL (Object Graph Navigational Language) |
| Servlet Dependency | In action execute method , it has HttpServletRequest and HttpServletResponse Object, both comes from servlet API | Not needed in struts 2 execute method |
| Testablity | A major hurdle to testing Struts 1 Actions is that the?execute?method exposes the Servlet API. A third-party extension, Struts TestCase, offers a set of mock object for Struts 1. | Struts 2 Actions can be tested by instantiating the Action, setting properties, and invoking methods. Dependency Injection support also makes testing simpler. |
| No Action Form | Struts 1 uses an ActionForm object to capture input. Like Actions, all ActionForms must extend a base class. Since? other JavaBeans cannot be used as ActionForms, developers often create redundant classes to capture input.? | Struts 2 uses Action properties as input properties, eliminating the need for a second input object |
| Control Of Action Execution | Struts 1 supports separate Request Processors (lifecycles) for each module, but all the Actions in the module must share the same lifecycle. | Struts 2 supports creating different lifecycles on a per Action basis via Interceptor Stacks. |
struts.xml-format files from a bootstrap struts.xml file
UI in Struts 2
Designing UI in Struts 2
- The form Tag
